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Who’s Been Blue
March 2001—Special Tercentennial Edition
Although founded primarily as a school for clerics, Yale has populated virtually every field of endeavor with practitioners of talent and creativity. A sampling:
Arts
Athletics
Business
Education
Entertainment
Government
Journalism
Law
Letters
Medicine
Religion
Science
Arts
Jennifer Bartlett | 1968BFA | Painter Jonathan Borofsky | 1966MFA | Sculptor Sandra Boynton | 1974 | Illustrator Ivan Chermayeff | 1955BFA | Graphic designer Chuck Close | 1963BFA, 1963MFA | Painter Norman Dello Joio | 1958MFA | Classical composer Philip DiCorcia | 1979MFA | Photographer Janet Fish | 1962BFA, 1963MFA | Painter Eliot Fisk | 1977MFA | Classical guitarist Norman Foster | 1962MArch | Architect Nancy Graves | 1962BFA, 1964MFA | Sculptor Eva Hesse | 1959BFA | Sculptor Charles E. Ives | 1898 | Classical composer Thomas Krens | 1984MPPM | Museum director Mitch Leigh | 1951MusB, 1952MusM | Composer Maya Lin | 1981, 1986MArch | Sculptor Robert Mangold | 1961BFA, 1963MFA | Painter Sylvia Mangold | 1961BFA | Painter Brice Marden | 1963MFA | Painter Reginald Marsh | 1920 | Illustrator Paul Mellon | 1929 | Philanthropist Claes Oldenburg | 1950 | Sculptor Frederick Law Olmsted | 1842, 1847MFA | Landscape architect Cole Porter | 1913 | Composer Martin Puryear | 1971MFA | Sculptor Frederic Remington | 1900BFA | Painter, sculptor James Gamble Rogers | 1889 | Architect Richard Rogers | 1962MArch | Architect Eero Saarinen | 1934BFA | Architect Richard Serra | 1962BFA, 1964MFA | Sculptor Roger Sessions | 1933MA | Classical composer Richard Stoltzman | 1967MFA | Clarinetist Garry Trudeau | 1970, 1973MFA | Cartoonist

Athletics
Walter Camp | 1880 | Father of American Football Steve Clark | 1966 | Olympic swimmer Brian Dowling | 1969 | Football player Chris Dudley | 1987 | Basketball player Christine Ernst | 1976 | Olympic rower Gary Fencik | 1976 | Football player William Ford | 1948 | Olympic track; owner, Detroit Lions A. Bartlett Giamatti | 1960, 1964PhD | Commissioner of Baseball Virginia Gilder | 1979 | Olympic rower Calvin Hill | 1969 | Football player Levi Jackson | 1950 | Football player Eli Jacobs | 1964LLB | Owner, Baltimore Orioles Richard Jauron | 1973 | Football player, coach Kwaku Ohene-Frempong | 1970, 1975MD | Olympic track Michael Pyle | 1961BE | Football player Donald Schollander | 1968 | Olympic gold medal swimmer Frank Shorter | 1969 | Olympic gold medal marathoner John Spagnola | 1979 | Football player, commentator Allen Stack | 1949 | Olympic swimmer Francis Vincent | 1963LLB | Baseball Commissioner Amos Alonzo Stagg | 1888 | Football player, Olympic coach

Business
Joseph Cullman III | 1935 | President, Philip Morris W. Edwards Deming | 1928PhD | Inventor, “total quality management” concept William Donaldson | 1953 | Chair, NY Stock Exchange John Fairfield Dryden | 1865 | Founder, Prudential Donna Dubinsky | 1977 | Co-developer, Palm Pilot Duncan Ebersol | 1969 | President, NBC Sports Roberto Goizueta | 1953BE | CEO, Coca-Cola Gilbert Grosvenor | 1954 | President, National Geographic Society F. Sheldon Hackney | 1966PhD | Chairman, NEH John Pepper | 1960 | CEO, Procter & Gamble Henry B. Schacht | 1956BE | Chairman, Lucent Technologies Fred Smith | 1966 | Founder, Federal Express Brandon Stoddard | 1958 | President, ABC TV Richard Thalheimer | 1971 | Founder, The Sharper Image George Weyerhaeuser | 1948BE | CEO Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney | 1922 | Executive

Education
Abraham Baldwin | 1772 | President, University of Georgia Frederick A.P. Barnard | 1828 | President, Columbia Sylvia Boone | 1979PhD | First African American woman tenured at Yale Edward Bouchet | 1874, 1876PhD | First African American PhD Naphtali Daggett | 1748 | Yale president Jonathan Dickinson | 1706 | Founded Princeton James Duderstadt | 1964 | President, University of Michigan Thomas H. Gallaudet | 1805 | Education of deaf Henry Louis Gates Jr. | 1973 | African American studies scholar Daniel Coit Gilman | 1852 | First president, Johns Hopkins William Rainey Harper | 1875PhD | First president, University of Chicago Samuel Johnson | 1714 | First president, Columbia Helen Parkhurst | 1943MA | Founder, Dalton School Benjamin Silliman Sr. | 1796 | Pioneer in science education William Vickrey | 1935 | Nobel Prize, 1996, economics

Entertainment
David Ackroyd | 1968MFA | Actor Angela Bassett | 1980, 1983MFA | Actor Jennifer Beals | 1986 | Actor James Burrows | 1965MFA | TV director Dick Cavett | 1958 | TV personality Michael Cimino | 1961BFA, 1963MFA | Film director Jack Ford | 1972 | TV anchor Jodie Foster | 1984 | Academy Award-winning actor (1988, 1991), director Sara Gilbert | 1997 | Actor David Allen Grier | 1981MFA | Actor Michael Gross | 1973MFA | Actor Harry Hamlin | 1974 | Actor George Roy Hill | 1943 | Film director Jane Kaczmarek | 1982MFA | TV actor Mark Linn-Baker | 1976 | Actor Frances McDormand | 1982MFA | Actor James Naughton | 1970MFA | Actor Edward Norton | 1991 | Actor, director Alan Pakula | 1948 | Film director Austin Pendleton | 1961 | Actor David Hyde Pierce | 1981 | Actor Vincent Price | 1933 | Actor Paul Rudnick | 1977 | Writer, producer Benjamin Stein | 1970JD | Author, TV personality Meryl Streep | 1975MFA | Academy Award-winning actor (1979, 1982) Brandon Tartikoff | 1970 | TV producer John Turturro | 1983 MFA | Actor Rudy Vallee | 1927 | Singer, actor Courtney Vance | 1986 MFA | Actor Sam Waterston | 1962 | Actor Sigourney Weaver | 1974MFA | Actor James Whitmore | 1944 | Actor Henry Winkler | 1970MFA | Actor Monty Woolley | 1911 | Actor Maury Yeston | 1967, 1974PhD | Broadway and film composer Efrem Zimbalist Jr. | 1940 | Actor

Government
Dean Acheson | 1915 | Secretary of State John Ashcroft | 1964 | US Attorney General, US Senate, Governor Les Aspin | 1960 | Secretary of Defense, US Congressman Roger S. Baldwin | 1811 | US Senator, Governor David Boren | 1963 | US Senator Chester Bowles | 1924 | State Department Edmund (Jerry) Brown | 1964LLB | Governor, presidential candidate McGeorge Bundy | 1940 | Cabinet official George H.W. Bush | 1948 | US President Prescott Bush | 1917 | US Senator George W. Bush | 1968 | US President John C. Calhoun | 1804 | US Vice President, Senator, Cabinet official Karl Carstens | 1949 LLB | President, West Germany John Chafee | 1944 | US Senator, Governor Cassius L. Clay | 1832 | Abolitionist Hillary R. Clinton | 1973JD | US Senator William J. Clinton | 1973JD | US President Wilbur Cross | 1885, 1891PhD | Governor Manasseh Cutler | 1765 | Ordinance of 1787, Ohio exploration John Danforth | 1963LLB | US Senator, Governor Oliver Ellsworth | 1766 | Chief Justice, US Supreme Court William Maxwell Evarts | 1837 | US Secretary of State, Gerald R. Ford | 1941LLB | US President James Gadsden | 1806 | Diplomat: Gadsden Purchase W. Averell Harriman | 1913 | Governor, diplomat Gary Hart | 1961BD, 1964LLB | US Senator M. Carl Holman | 1954MFA | National Urban Coalition president John Kerry | 1966 | US Senator Joseph Lieberman | 1964, 1967LLB | US Senator John V. Lindsay | 1944, 1948LLB | Mayor, New York City William Livingston | 1741 | 1st NJ Governor Robert A. Lovett | 1918 | Cabinet officer Edwin Meese | 1953 | Cabinet officer Return Jonathan Meigs | 1785 | Governor, US Congressman, Postmaster General Robert Moses | 1909 | NY public works, parks dept. commissioner Eleanor Holmes Norton | 1964LLB | US Congresswoman George Pataki | 1967 | Governor, NY William Pickens | 1904 | NAACP, US Treasury Eugene Rostow | 1933, LLB1937 | Cabinet official Robert Rubin | 1964Law | US Treasury secretary William W. Scranton | 1939, 1946JD | Governor Sargent Shriver | 1938, 1941LLB | Statesman Arlen Specter | 1956LLB | US Senator Henry L. Stimson | 1888 | Secretary of War Stuart Symington | 1923 | US Senator William Howard Taft | 1878 | US President, US Chief Justice Strobe Talbott | 1968 | US deputy secretary of state Richard Thornburgh | 1954 | US Attorney General Paul Tsongas | 1967LLB | US Senator, presidential candidate Cyrus Vance | 1939, 1942LLB | Secretary of State Robert F. Wagner | 1933, 1937LLB | Mayor, New York City Lowell Weicker | 1953 | US Senator, Governor John Hay Whitney | 1926 | Diplomat Yung Wing | 1854 | Diplomat, first Yale student from Asia Ernesto Zedillo | 1981PhD | President, Mexico

Journalism
Steven Brill | 1972, 1975JD | Publisher, writer William F. Buckley Jr. | 1950 | Author, journalist David Gergen | 1963 | Commentator, consultant Brendan Gill | 1936 | Reporter, essayist Jeff Greenfield | 1967LLB | Commentator Paul Goldberger | 1972 | Architecture critic Robert Kaiser | 1964 | Editor, Washington Post Michiko Kakutani | 1976 | Book reviewer | Lewis Lapham | 1956 | Editor, Harper’s Max Lerner | 1923, 1926LLB | Columnist Henry R. Luce Jr. | 1920 | Founder, Time-Life Stone Phillips | 1977 | TV anchor Thomas Moore Powers | 1964 | Reporter Amity Shlaes | 1982 | Journalist, author Gene Siskel | 1967 | Film critic Tim Weigel | 1967 | Sports broadcaster Robert Woodward | 1965 | Journalist, pundit

Law
David Boies | 1966LLB | Attorney, Microsoft antitrust and 2000 election cases Jane Bolin | 1931LLB | First African American female judge Alan Dershowitz | 1962LLB | Attorney Marion Wright Edelman | 1963LLB | Children’s Defense Fund A. Leon Higginbotham | 1952LLB | Judge, civil rights advocate Anita Hill | 1980JD | Attorney Alice Jordan | First woman, Yale Law School William Kunstler | 1941 | Attorney Margaret Marshall | 1976JD | Supreme Court of Massachusetts Potter Stewart | 1937, 1941LLB | Supreme Court justice Clarence Thomas | 1974JD | US Supreme Court Justice Morrison Remick Waite | 1837 | Chief Justice, US Supreme Court Byron White | 1946LLB | US Supreme Court justice

Letters
Philip Barry | 1919 | Playwright Steven Vincent Benet | 1920MA | Author Harold Bloom | 1955PhD | Critic, Author Daniel Boorstin | 1940LLB | Author David Dellinger | 1936 | Author John Guare | 1963MFA | Playwright A.R. Gurney | 1958MFA | Playwright John Hersey | 1936 | Author, journalist James Hoge | 1958 | Editor, publisher Martha Hollander | 1980 | Poet Henry Holt | 1862 | Book publisher Owen Johnson | 1900 | Author Larry Kramer | 1957 | Author, activist Chang-rae Lee | 1987 | Author Sinclair Lewis | 1907 | Author, Nobel Prize for Literature, 1930 Patricia Nelson Limerick | 1980PhD | Historian Archibald MacLeish | 1915 | Poet Dumas Malone | 1916BD, 1923PhD | Historian Robert K. Massie | 1950 | Author, journalist Peter Matthiessen | 1950 | Author, essayist David McCullough | 1955 | Author Claire Messud | 1987 | Author Gloria Naylor | 1983MA | Author Sherwin Nuland |1955MD | Author, physican Camille Paglia | 1974PhD | Critic Stephen Sandy | 1955 | Poet Edward Rowland Sill | 1861 | Poet Mark Strand | 1959BFA | Poet Calvin Trillin | 1957 | Humorist, journalist Wendy Wasserstein | 1976MFA | Playwright Noah Webster | 1778 | Lexicographer Thornton Wilder | 1920 | Playwright, author Garry Wills | 1961PhD | Historian Naomi Wolf | 1984 | Author, journalist Tom Wolfe | 1957PhD | Author, journalist

Medicine
Sophie D. Aberle | 1930MD | National Science Foundation Walter Burdette | 1942MD | Introduced penicillin Francis Collins | 1974PhD | Director, Human Genome Project Harvey Cushing | 1891 | Surgeon Benjamin Spock | 1925, | Pediatrician, author, activist

Religion
Leonard Bacon | 1820 | Anti-slavery advocate George Brownell | 1898 | Yale in China founder Horace Bushnell | 1827BD | Theologian William Sloane Coffin Jr. | 1949, 1956BD | Chaplain, author, teacher Jonathan Edwards | 1720 | Theologian, author Samuel Hopkins | 1740 | Theologian Reinhold Niebuhr | 1914BD, 1915MA | Theologian Pat Robertson | 1955LLB | Evangelist Samuel Seabury | 1748 | First Episcopal bishop Eleazar Wheelock | 1733 | Founded Dartmouth Joseph Willard | 1714 | Pioneer clergyman

Science
Hiram Bingham | 1898 | Rediscovered Machu Picchu, Peru, 1911 David Bushnell | 1775 | Inventor, submarine Lee DeForest | 1896, 1899PhD | Inventor, triode John F. Enders | 1919 | Nobel Prize, medicine, 1954 Irving Fisher 1888, 1891PhD | Monetary theorist Murray Gell-Mann | 1948 | Nobel Prize, physics, 1969 Josiah W. Gibbs | 1858 | Physicist A.C. Gilbert | 1909MD | Inventor Alfred G. Gilman |1962 | Nobel Prize, medicine, 1994 Grace M. Hopper | 1934PhD | Developed COBOL computer language Clarence King | 1862 | Founded US Geological Survey Ernest O. Lawrence | 1925PhD | Nobel Prize, physics, 1939 Joshua Lederberg | 1948PhD | Nobel Prize, medicine, 1958 David Lee | 1959PhD | Nobel Prize, physics, 1996 Elias Loomis | 1830 | Meteorologist, astronomer Othniel Charles Marsh | 1860 | Paleontologist Samuel F.B. Morse | 1810 | Inventor, artist Eneas Munson | 1753 | Physician, botanist Lars Onsager | 1935PhD | Nobel Prize, chemistry, 1968 Gifford Pinchot | 1889 | Founder of US Forest Service Dickinson W. Richards | 1917 | Nobel Prize, medicine, 1956 Maxine Singer | 1957PhD | Research biologist and administrator William Graham Sumner | 1863 | Sociologist Thorstein Veblen | 1884PhD | Author Sigmund Waterman | 1848MD | Physician, teacher George Hoyt Whipple | 1900 | Nobel Prize, medicine, 1934 Eli Whitney | 1792 | Inventor Eric Wieschaus | 1974PhD | Nobel Prize, medicine, 1995

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